历史上的茜茜公主

茜茜公主是哪个国家

是奥地利帝国，茜茜公主是巴伐利亚的伊丽莎白女公爵，是奥地利帝国皇帝弗兰茨·约瑟夫一世的妻，奥地利皇后和匈牙利王后。她一共当了44年的奥地利皇后，是奥地利历史上在位时间最长的皇后。原名叫伊丽莎白，16岁时与弗兰茨·约瑟夫结婚，婚后由于宫廷的烦闷生活，倍感郁郁，她经常会前往生活更为自在的匈牙利访问，与匈牙利建立了深厚的感情，并在1867年促成了奥匈帝国的诞生 。1898年，茜茜在周游世界途中，在瑞士的日内瓦遭到暗杀，不幸去世 。扩展资料：茜茜公主有着超凡的美貌，在同时代的人留下了很多赞美之词。人们常常用“光彩照人”、“美貌绝伦”这样的词来形容她，这与她对自己身体的精雕细琢、悉心照顾密不可分。茜茜非常喜欢用天然材质敷面膜，比如，将草莓捣碎加上蜂蜜制作面膜，用玫瑰花水和薰衣草花水，把它们喷在脸上。还有一些奇葩的美容方式，她经常在脸上带血的小牛肉，她认为这样做可以让她的皮肤紧致，并能去除浮肿。此外，她还喜欢用盛满橄榄油的热水泡澡，以保持皮肤的光滑和弹性，洗澡之后还需要全身按摩。参考资料来源：百度百科-茜茜公主

茜茜公主到底是哪个国家的王后

茜茜公主是巴伐利亚王国的马克西米里安•约瑟夫公爵（简称马克斯公爵）的女儿，即伊丽莎白公主，昵称“茜茜”（Sissi）。
　　历史上真实的茜茜公主并非完全像影片中表现的那样。特别是她与奥匈帝国皇帝弗兰茨·约瑟夫一世的爱情，更是没有影片中描述的那么完美。1848年弗兰茨;约瑟夫皇帝加冕时只有18岁。在他68年的统治生涯中，经历的实际上是一个强大帝国漫长而痛苦的衰落及崩溃过程。奥地利弗兰茨约瑟夫的皇后。

求一份历史上真实的茜茜公主的生平介绍，要英文版的

茜茜公主的英文名字是 Elisabeth Amalie Eugenie, 以下是她的生平资料：

Elisabeth Amalie Eugenie, Duchess in Bavaria, Princess of Bavaria (December 24, 1837 – September 10, 1898) of the House of Wittelsbach, was the Empress consort of Austria and Queen consort of Hungary due to her marriage to Emperor Franz Joseph. Her father was Maximilian Joseph, Duke in Bavaria and her mother was Ludovika, Royal Princess of Bavaria; her family home was Possenhofen Castle. From an early age, she was called "Sisi" ("Sissi" in films and novels) by family and friends.

Her life

She was born in Munich, Bavaria. Elisabeth accompanied her mother and her 18-year-old sister, Helene, on a trip to the resort of Bad Ischl, Upper Austria [1], where they hoped Helene would attract the attention of their cousin, 23-year-old Franz Joseph, then Emperor of Austria. Instead, Franz Joseph chose Elisabeth, and the couple were married in Vienna on April 24, 1854. Elisabeth later wrote that she regretted accepting his proposal for the rest of her life.[citation needed]

Elisabeth had difficulty adapting to the strict etiquette practiced at the Habsburg court. Nevertheless she bore the Emperor three children in quick succession: Archduchess Sophie of Austria (1855–1857), Archduchess Gisela of Austria (1856–1932), and the hoped-for crown prince, Rudolf (1858–1889). A decade later, Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria (1868–1924) followed. Elisabeth was denied any major influence on her own children's upbringing, however — they were raised by her mother-in-law Sophie, and soon after Rudolf's birth the marriage started to deteriorate, undone by Elisabeth's increasingly erratic behaviour.

To ease her pain and illnesses, Elisabeth embarked on a life of travel, seeing very little of her offspring, visiting places such as Madeira, Hungary, England, and Corfu, where she commissioned the building of a castle which she called Achilleion — after her death the building was sold to the German Emperor Wilhelm II. She not only became known for her beauty, but also for her fashion sense, diet and exercise regimens, passion for riding sports, and a series of reputed lovers. She paid extreme attention to her appearance and would spend most of her time preserving her beauty. Her diet and exercise regimens were strictly enforced to maintain her 20-inch (50 cm) waistline and reduced her to near emaciation at times (symptoms of what is now recognized as anorexia). One of the few things she would eat was raw veal meat juice, squeezed from her juice press, then boiled and seasoned.[citation needed] Some of her reputed lovers included George "Bay" Middleton, a dashing Anglo–Scot who was probably the father of Clementine Ogilvy Hozier (Mrs. Winston Churchill). She also tolerated, to a certain degree, Franz Joseph's affair with actress Katharina Schratt.

National unrest within the Habsburg monarchy caused by the rebellious Hungarians led, in 1867, to the foundation of the Austro–Hungarian double monarchy, making Elisabeth Empress of Austria and Queen of Hungary. Elisabeth had always sympathized with the Hungarian cause and, reconciled and reunited with her alienated husband, she joined Franz Joseph in Budapest, where their coronation took place. In due course, their fourth child, Archduchess Marie Valerie was born (1868–1924). Afterwards, however, she again took up her former life of restlessly traveling through Europe, decades of what basically became a walking trance.

The Empress also engaged in writing poetry (such as the "Nordseelieder" and "Winterlieder", both inspirations from her favorite German poet, Heinrich Heine). Shaping her own fantasy world in poetry, she referred to herself as Titania, Shakespeare's Fairy Queen. Most of her poetry refers to her journeys, classical Greek and romantic themes, as well as ironic mockery on the Habsburg dynasty. In these years, Elisabeth also took up with an intensive study of both ancient and modern Greek, drowning in Homer's Iliad and Odyssey. Numerous Greek lecturers (such as Marinaky, Christomanos, and Barker) had to accompany the Empress on her hour-long walks while reading Greek to her. Her Greek genealogical roots are presented in Greek pedigree of Empress Sisi. According to contemporary scholars, Empress Elisabeth knew Greek better than any of the Bavarian Greek Queens in the 19th century.

In 1889, Elisabeth's life was shattered by the death of her only son: 30-year-old Crown Prince Rudolf and his young lover Baroness Mary Vetsera were found dead, apparently by suicide. The scandal is known by the name Mayerling, after the name of Rudolf's hunting lodge in Lower Austria.

After Rudolf's death, the Empress continued to be an icon, a sensation wherever she went: a long black gown that could be buttoned up at the bottom, a white parasol made of leather and a brown fan to hide her face from curious looks became the trademarks of the legendary Empress of Austria. Only a few snapshots of Elisabeth in her last years are left, taken by photographers who were lucky enough to catch her without her noticing. The moments Elisabeth would show up in Vienna and see her husband were rare. Interestingly, their correspondence increased during those last years and the relationship between the Empress and the Emperor of Austria had become platonic and warm. On her imperial steamer, Miramar, Empress Elisabeth traveled restlessly through the Mediterranean. Her favorite places were Cap Martin on the French Riviera, where tourism had only started in the second half of the 19th century, Lake Geneva in Switzerland, Bad Ischl in Austria, where she would spend her summers, and Corfu. More than that, the Empress had visited countries no other Northern royal went to at the time: Portugal, Spain, Morocco, Algeria, Malta, Greece, Turkey and Egypt. Travel had become the sense of her life but also an escape from herself.

Assassination

On September 10, 1898, in Geneva, Switzerland, Elisabeth, aged 60, was stabbed in the heart with a needle file by a young anarchist named Luigi Lucheni, in an act of propaganda of the deed. She had been walking along the promenade of Lake Geneva about to board a steamship for Montreux with her lady-of-courtesy, Countess Sztaray. Unaware of the severity of her condition she still boarded the ship. Bleeding to death from a puncture wound to the heart, Elisabeth's last words were "What happened to me?". The strong pressure from her corset kept the bleeding back until the corset was removed. Only then did her staff and surrounding onlookers understand the severity of the situation. Reportedly, her assassin had hoped to kill a prince from the House of Orléans and, failing to find him, turned on Elisabeth instead. As Lucheni afterward said, "I wanted to kill a royal. It did not matter which one."

The empress was buried in the Imperial Crypt in Vienna's city centre which for centuries served as the Imperial burial place.

茜茜公主的一生，谁知道？

茜茜公主的生平：茜茜公主是奥地利皇帝弗兰茨·约瑟夫一世之妻，全名叫做伊丽莎白·亚美莉·欧根妮，1837年12月24日在慕尼黑出生。童年无拘无束的茜茜生性害羞内向，在令人窒息的哈布斯堡宫廷内适应种种苛刻的繁文缛节成为了茜茜的一大挑战。几个星期后，茜茜的健康出现了问题她开始剧烈咳嗽，并且，每当她要走下狭窄陡峭的楼梯时，她都会感到焦虑和害怕。婚后仅仅10个月，茜茜就生下了她的第一个女儿索菲女大公。然而，将茜茜视为愚蠢的年轻母亲的索菲公主不仅在未经茜茜同意的情况下就以自己的名字给孩子命了名。还完全担负起了照顾婴儿的职责，拒绝让茜茜哺乳或照顾自己的孩子。一年后，当茜茜的第二个女儿，奥地利的吉塞拉女大公出生后。索菲也将孩子从茜茜身边带走。1898年 ，茜茜在瑞士的日内瓦遭到意大利的无政府主义者路易吉·卢切尼的暗杀，不幸去世。扩展资料：茜茜公主的家世非常的显赫，父亲是巴伐利亚的马克西米利安·约瑟夫公爵，母亲是巴伐利亚国王路德维希一世同父异母的妹妹卢德维卡公主，而弗兰茨·约瑟夫一世的母亲、巴伐利亚的索菲公主，则是茜茜公主的亲姨妈。弗兰茨的母亲原本看中的茜茜公主的大姐，海伦女公爵，但是茜茜公主与弗兰茨彼此钟情，弗兰茨甚至不畏严苛的皇太后，娶了茜茜公主，可见他对茜茜公主有多么喜爱。茜茜公主性格活泼好动，面容较好，体态匀称，纤细，美得清新灵动，也彻底得征服了弗兰茨·约瑟夫一世的心，他们幸福的婚姻传为佳话。参考资料来源：百度百科—茜茜公主

影片《茜茜公主》讲述的是哪个时期的故事

茜茜公主是巴伐利亚王国的马克西米里安·约瑟夫公爵（简称马克斯公爵）的女儿，全名伊丽莎白·阿玛莉亚·欧叶妮·冯·维特巴赫（Elisabeth Amalia Eugenia von Wittelsbach），奥地利皇后与匈牙利女王。昵称“茜茜”（Sissi）。
出生日期
1837年12月24日
逝世日期
1898年9月10日
http://baike.baidu.com/subview/63360/6255301.htm#viewPageContent

欧洲的茜茜公主生平简介？要简洁明了的

　　真实的茜茜
　　实际上，历史上真实的茜茜公主并非完全像影片中表现的那样。特别是她与奥匈帝国皇帝弗兰茨-约瑟夫的爱情，更是没有影片中描述的那么完美。1848年弗兰茨-约瑟夫皇帝加冕时只有18岁。在他68年的统治生涯中，经历的实际上是一个强大帝国漫长而痛苦的衰落及崩溃过程。
　　弗兰茨皇帝威严勤政，受过严格的宫廷教育，而茜茜从小在巴伐利亚秀美的湖光山色中自由自在地成长。这两种不同的气质最初可以相互吸引，渐渐地却显得格格不入。成为了伊丽莎白皇后的茜茜虽然荣耀富贵，却郁郁寡欢。
　　伊丽莎白皇后特立独行，感情脆弱。从内心里，她一直拒绝扮演传统的妻子、母亲、皇后以至一个大帝国形象代表的角色。
　　晚年的茜茜心灰意冷，带着几个随从周游列国，足迹遍及亚洲及非洲大陆。1898年，她在日内瓦被一名无政府主义者杀害。尽管如此，这位皇后仍然以其美貌、魅力和浪漫的忧郁气质而受到臣民的爱戴。
　　茜茜生长在一个大家庭里，童年的生活自由愉快。父亲是一个无忧无虑的的贵族，喜欢写诗、弹琴、追逐女人，炫耀骑术，他甚至在院子里建起马戏场，弄来一个小丑和一个滑稽可笑的士兵……这位公爵信奉共和主义，具有平民意识，尤其欣赏犹太人，人们称为“奢华的无产者”。他既不爱自己的妻子，也不爱贵族政治。
　　茜茜母亲鲁多维卡是一位忠心耿耿的家庭主妇，当她意识到丈夫指望不上时，便把孩子们视为唯一财富，希望通过他们的婚姻解决一切问题。幸亏，家里有一门好亲戚：她姐姐苏菲的儿子弗兰西斯•约瑟夫因其伯父斐迪南一世元嗣而成为奥地利的王位继承人。1848年，因政治动荡，反叛四起，斐迪南一世逊位，弗兰西斯•约瑟夫登上了皇帝的宝座。老姐俩想亲上加亲，巴伐利亚公爵家的长女埃莱娜公主成为皇后候选人。在相亲的那一天，埃莱娜公主被打扮得贞淑贤静，谁知，冒冒失失的小茜茜闯了进来。她头上扎着小辫子，身上套着极普通的连衣裙，母亲根本就没刻意打扮她，然而，弗兰西斯•约瑟夫的眼睛里再看不见其他人了。这位年轻的奥地利皇帝将手中的一束鲜花递给了茜茜公主……
　　茜茜当时只有15岁，接过弗兰西斯•约瑟夫献上的花，她甚至不懂这究竟意味着什么。姨母和妈妈一个劲儿地催问她：你爱他吗，茜茜？她竟天真地回答：“他，我又怎能不爱他呢？他要不是皇帝就好了！”就这样，他们定下了婚约。
　　茜茜这时尚未长成，身高只有1米60，象个玩具娃娃。用未来婆婆严格的眼光评判，她迷人，可爱，但有一个不小的缺陷——长着一口黄牙。(在以后的岁月里，茜茜没有留下一张露了牙齿的肖像或照片。
　　1854年4月24日，哈布斯堡王朝举行了热烈而隆重的婚礼。面色红润、双唇紧闭的茜茜公主在一片欢呼声和喧闹声中乘船沿着多瑙河顺流而下，直抵维也纳。婚礼冲淡了王室与人民之间的敌意，这朵巴伐利亚含苞待放的玫瑰似乎代表着新的幸福。直到这时，一切如意。
　　嫁入深宫，成为皇后，对茜茜公主来说，美丽的童话从此消失。繁琐的社交礼仪压得她喘不过气，可怕的孤独紧紧地包围着她。一年以后，茜茜怀孕了，深受妊娠反应的折磨，她终日以泪洗面……女儿刚一出生就被抱走了，婆婆认为她没有能力带孩子。又过了两年，第二次怀孕生女，伴着她的依然只有泪水……宫廷里的人觉得她很笨，根本不把她放在眼里；出访意大利时，那里的人民对她充满敌意；只有到了匈牙利，她才见到一张张充满热情的脸。从这时起，茜茜开始学习匈牙利语。
　　1857年，她又一次来到布达佩斯。在此期间，她的一个女儿夭折了。一年以后，茜茜为奥地利帝国生下王位继承人——鲁道夫王子，和前两次一样，孩子被人从她身边带走了……她开始发烧，恶心，食欲不振。就在这时，弗兰西斯•约瑟夫皇帝决定建设现代化的维也纳，拆毁了旧墙，建起了拳击场，而人民需要的是一部宪法。帝国国运不佳，茜茜诸事不顺。她渐渐长大了。
　　1859年，弗兰西斯•约瑟夫决定对撒丁王国开战，尽管他亲自上阵，依然没能挽回败局。茜茜去照顾伤员，并为独裁的君主政体进行温和地辩护，但是，没有人听她的。
　　七年过去了，茜茜生了三个孩子，进行了一些正式出访，目睹了一场血淋淋的战争。婆婆令她憎恶，丈夫心不在焉。从这时起，她不再把自己放在被动的境地。她组织了一连串的舞会，有意识地在歌舞音乐中消耗自己的精力；她食欲不佳，身体状况越来越糟，宫廷医生向她推荐肺疗草，并建议她到马德拉群岛接受日光浴。
　　茜茜得了奔马痨(一种恶化极快的肺结核)，眼看就要不行了，奥地利民众没完没了地追问：“皇后在哪儿？她怎么样了？”他们却听不到答复。有两年的时间，茜茜在有温泉的城市、希腊的岛屿和娘家辗转漂泊，终于，她从死神手里逃了出来。
　　在她重返维也纳的那一天，10个管弦乐队，14000名手持火把的运动员欢迎她。她取得了全面的胜利：和弗兰西斯•约瑟夫达成协议，从此有权挑选陪伴自己的宫廷命妇；有权管教孩子；并且争取到了自由，直到这时，茜茜发育完全了，身高1米72，满头秀发。
　　接下去，她为了恢复窈窕的身材进行了艰苦的努力，每天早晨5点起床，练剑、游泳、做体操，还坚持洗冷水浴，茜茜变得成熟而完美，摄影师为她留下了一张张美丽的倩影。她乐意与爱犬或自己的兄弟拍照，却很不情愿同丈夫合影。
　　身为奥地利皇后，茜茜与那些维也纳贵族不一样，她发自内心地热爱匈牙利，她欣赏那里的音乐、马匹、骑士，欣赏布达佩斯的巴罗克式建筑以及那里的色彩和节奏……她在内心深处对这块土地的热爱恐怕还和一个传奇式的人物有关，此人便是安德拉希伯爵。1848年，伯爵参与了反抗奥地利统治的斗争，革命失败后，他逃出匈牙利，被缺席审判判处死刑，安德拉希风流倜傥，始终有上流社会的女人围着他转，人们称之为“英俊的绞刑犯”。流亡十年之后，安德拉希获得大赦，重返匈牙利，从此，为了自己的政治理想，伯爵进行了不懈的奋斗。
　　在骨子里，茜茜和安德拉希是一类人物，他们都是反叛者，彼此欣赏，相互吸引，却又不能进一步发展两人之间的情感，安德拉希以一种谦恭的态度爱着奥地利的皇后，茜茜则对他怀着深深的依恋之情……1866年，面对普鲁士的“铁血宰相”俾斯麦，弗兰西斯•约瑟夫皇帝意识到需要安抚匈牙利，他终于和安德拉希伯爵坐到了谈判桌前，这时，茜茜成了这两个彼此敌视而又都对她另眼相看的男人之间的调停人。
　　1867年，根据奥地利和匈牙利统治者之间达成的协议，奥匈帝国建立。在6月8日这一天，匈牙利宰相安德拉希伯爵将一*王冠戴在了茜茜的头上，匈牙利人选择了她，她从此成为匈牙利女王，在维也纳，她经常受到抨击：而在布达佩斯，她受到的是崇拜……
　　但是，为了对孩子们有所补偿，茜茜从匈牙利回到奥地利。她给丈夫下了最后通牒：必须在母亲和妻子中间作出选择。弗兰西斯•约瑟夫终于和母亲摊了牌，孩子们这一次彻底回到了茜茜的身边。然而，对于他们的独生子鲁道夫来说，这时已经为时过晚！孤独、恐惧长期缠绕着他，与父母陌生以至不能沟通，政治抱负无法实现……鲁道夫越来越消沉。1889年1月30日，在离维也纳24公里的迈耶林，有人发现了鲁道夫和他的情妇玛丽•费采拉的尸体，他们双双自杀了。
　　茜茜没有赶到出事地点。直到王子下葬时，人们才听到她对着棺材发出伤心不解的叹息。从这时起，她和儿子一起死去，留下的只是一个日渐衰老的躯体……
　　一晃又是九年。这期间，茜茜到处游历，越来越象她的父亲，喜欢做诗、骑马、欣赏犹太人……她和丈夫不经常见面，弗兰西斯•约瑟夫身边始终有情妇相伴。
　　1898年9月10日中午，茜茜准备乘船离开日内瓦。她走出旅馆，仆人拿着行李，宫廷命妇陪伴在身边，她们缓步向码头走去。就在这时，死神向她走了过来；一个名叫卢伊季•卢切尼的意大利无政府主义者为了“一鸣惊人”，把奥地利皇后选做靶子，卢切尼终于等来了茜茜，他猛然拔出锥子，对着她的胸部戳去，锥子又尖又细，茜茜甚至都没有什么痛感，“他想干什么，想要我的手表？”她从地上爬了起来，自己走到船上。可是，刚一上船，她就倒了下去。身边的宫廷命妇连忙解开她的衣襟，发现胸口上有一个很小的血点。船长命令船掉头回岸，人们用担架把她抬回旅馆，在旅馆里，医生切开了皇后的肘窝动脉，血不再往外喷涌……茜茜死了。
　　没有多少人参加她的葬礼。弗兰西斯•约瑟夫皇帝在她下葬前剪下一绺头发保存起来……不过，在这一生中，她爱过他吗？从她对他的态度和她留下的诗句中看，答案是否定的。
　　童话般的茜茜公主恐怕只属于电影。真正的茜茜堪称传奇人物，而她的一生绝不是一部童话。