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弗洛伊德简介

来源:求职简历网时间:2024-03-07 00:14:28编辑:皮带君

弗洛伊德生平简介是怎样的?

弗洛伊德(1856~1939)是奥地利著名的精神病学家,精神分析学派的创始人。他所创立的精神分析学在西方掀起了一场声势浩大的精神分析运动。他的著作横跨半个世纪,对文学、哲学、神学、伦理学、美学、政治科学、社会学和大众心理产生了广泛而深入的影响。《释梦》和《性爱三论》是弗洛伊德支柱性的学术著作。前者通过对梦的研究极大地拓展了人类对自身的探究的幅度,后者将作者自己的对世界的基本看法总结为“性”这个基本的观点,对我们的生活产生了深远的影响。

弗洛伊德生平简介

西格蒙德·弗洛伊德,原名西格斯蒙德·弗洛伊德,1856年5月6日出生于奥匈帝国的摩拉维亚省弗赖堡镇(Freiberg,现Príbor,即捷克共和国的普日博尔市)的一个犹太家庭。父亲雅各布·弗洛伊德是一位善良老实的羊毛商人,母亲阿玛莉亚·那萨森是父亲的第三任妻子,长相漂亮,但性格暴躁。西格蒙德出生这一年,他已经有两个同父异母的哥哥,伊曼纽尔和菲利普。1858年,妹妹安娜出生。1859年,家人搬家到德国莱比锡。1年后,又搬家到奥匈帝国首都维也纳。在接下来的6年里,母亲又生下了4个女儿,阿道芬、玛丽、宝琳和罗莎,和1个儿子亚历山大。弗洛伊德的启蒙教育是由父母在家实施的。在1865年,也就是9岁时——比正常的入学年龄早了一年——进入著名的利奥波德地区实科中学读书。在这段时期,弗洛伊德学习了大量的从古希腊到古罗马古典文学,还学习了拉丁语、希腊语、法语和英语;他还自学了西班牙语和意大利语。在高中时,他受一位朋友的影响,想将来成为一名律师。

关于佛罗伊德的作品及介绍。

1920年出身于德国的艺术家路塞安·佛罗伊德据说是精神分析学家佛罗伊德的后代,也许是那种潜在的继承让他给艺术带来了"悲哀于暴力"一词,但他"凝视的暴力"奇怪地总是发生在阴郁的宁静中,发生在过去,一切都在过去的倦怠之中。
《树》《仙人掌和静静呆着的鸟》《威尔士的箱子里的苹果》《植物》《三条腿的马》《鱿鱼和海胆》


佛罗伊德

  弗洛伊德、西格蒙德(Frend,Sigmund 1856—1939)

  奥地利精神科、神经科医生、精神分析学派的创始人,1856年5月6日出生于摩拉维亚,4岁时举家迁居维也纳。他在中学时代就显示出非凡的智力,成绩一直名列前茅,17岁考入维也纳大学医学院,1876年到1881年在著名生理学家艾内斯特·布吕克的指导下进行研究工作。1881年开始私人开业,担任临床神经专科医生,1886年与马莎·伯莱斯结婚,育有三男三女,女儿A·弗洛伊德后来也成为著名的心理学家,1938年因遭纳粹迫害迁居伦敦,于1939年12月23日因口腔癌在伦敦逝世。

  弗洛伊德对精神分析的兴趣是在1884年与J·布洛伊尔合作期间产生的,他们合作治疗一名叫安娜·欧的21岁癔症患者,他先从布洛伊尔那里学了宣泄疗法,后又师从J·沙可学习催眠术,继而他提出了自由联想疗法,1897年创立了自我分析法。他一生中对心理学的最重大贡献是对人类无意识过程的揭示,提出了人格结构理论,人类的性本能理论以及心理防御机制理论。

  他的主要著作有:《歇斯底里研究》 (1895)、
  《梦的解释》 (1900)、
  《性欲三论》 (1905)、
  《论无意识》 (1915)、
  《自我与本我》 (1923)、
  《焦虑问题》 (1926)、
  《自我和防御机制》 (1936)。


关于西格蒙德·弗洛伊德的英语介绍~

Sigmund Freud (German pronunciation: [zikmnt ft]), born Sigismund Schlomo Freud (6 May 1856 – 23 September 1939), was a Jewish-Austrian neurologist who founded the psychoanalytic school of psychiatry. [1] Freud is best known for his theories of the unconscious mind and the defense mechanism of repression, and for creating the clinical practice of psychoanalysis for treating psychopathology through dialogue between a patient, technically referred to as an "analysand", and a psychoanalyst. Freud is also renowned for his redefinition of sexual desire as the primary motivational energy of human life, as well as for his therapeutic techniques, including the use of free association, his theory of transference in the therapeutic relationship, and the interpretation of dreams as sources of insight into unconscious desires. He was an early neurological researcher into cerebral palsy, and a prolific essayist, drawing on psychoanalysis to contribute to the history, interpretation and critique of culture. While some of Freud's ideas have fallen out of favor or have been modified by Neo-Freudians, and modern advances in the field of psychology have shown flaws in some of his theories, Freud's work remains seminal in humans' quest for self-understanding, especially in the history of clinical approaches. In academia, his ideas continue to influence the humanities and social sciences. He is considered one of the most prominent thinkers of the first half of the 20th century, in terms of originality and intellectual influence.


谁能给我FRELLD (佛罗伊德)的简介。 英文和中文的都要。

Freud was born in Frieberg, Moravia in 1856, but when he was four years old his family moved to Vienna, where Freud was to live and work until the last year of his life. In 1937 the Nazis annexed Austria, and Freud, who was Jewish, was allowed to leave for England. For these reasons, it was above all with the city of Vienna that Freud's name was destined to be deeply associated for posterity, founding as he did what was to become known as the 'first Viennese school' of psychoanalysis, from which, it is fair to say, psychoanalysis as a movement and all subsequent developments in this field flowed. The scope of Freud's interests, and of his professional training, was very broad - he always considered himself first and foremost a scientist, endeavouring to extend the compass of human knowledge, and to this end (rather than to the practice of medicine) he enrolled at the medical school at the University of Vienna in 1873. He concentrated initially on biology, doing research in physiology for six years under the great German scientist Ernst Brücke, who was director of the Physiology Laboratory at the University, thereafter specialising in neurology. He received his medical degree in 1881, and having become engaged to be married in 1882, he rather reluctantly took up more secure and financially rewarding work as a doctor at Vienna General Hospital. Shortly after his marriage in 1886 - which was extremely happy, and gave Freud six children, the youngest of whom, Anna, was herself to become a distinguished psychoanalyst - Freud set up a private practice in the treatment of psychological disorders, which gave him much of the clinical material on which he based his theories and his pioneering techniques. .弗洛伊德(Freud,Sigmund 1856-1939) 犹太籍精神病医生,精神分析学派创始人。生于现属捷克的摩拉维亚的弗赖堡,1873年入维也纳大学学医,1881年获医学博士学位。1882年与精神病学家J.布洛伊尔合作,用催眠术医治并研究癔病。1885年和1886年间,先去巴黎就学于J.M.沙可,后赴南锡参观催眠疗法。回维也纳后认识到催眠疗法的局限性,1895年后改用自己独创的精神分析或自由联想法,以挖掘患者遗忘了的特别是童年的观念和欲望。在治疗过程中,他发现患者常有抗拒现象,认识到这正是欲望被压抑的证据,因而创立了他的以潜意识为基本内容的精神分析理论。初期概念有防御、抗拒、压抑、发泄等。在临床治疗时患者还出现了对医生的“移情”现象,从而认为人的神经活动大都以性欲为基础,被压抑的欲望绝大部分是属于性的,性错乱是产生神经症的根本原因。1909年应美国克拉克大学校长、著名心理学家S.霍尔邀请,与荣格等赴美国参加该校20周年校庆纪念,并与美国著名心理学家W.詹姆斯、E.B.铁钦纳、J.Mck.卡特尔等晤面。发表了以精神分析为主题的演讲,声名远扬。回国后,他的一些弟子A.阿德勒、C.G.荣格和O.兰克反对他的泛性论,先后背离他而自立门户。第一次世界大战期间及战后,他不断修订和发展自己的理论,提出了自恋、生和死的本能及本我、自我、超我的人格三分结构论等重要理论,使精神分析成为了解全人类动机和人格的方法。30年代他的理论登峰造极。1930年被授予歌德奖金。1936年寿辰时,荣任英国皇家学会会员。他在最后16年曾与口腔癌作斗争,坚持工作。在纳粹分子的胁迫下,1938年被迫离开维也纳去伦敦。1939年9月23日在伦敦死于癌症。主要著作有:《梦的解析》、《日常生活心理病理学》、《精神分析引论》、《精神分析引论新编》、《弗洛伊德自传》。


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